Arguments Against my Position: The availability of Social Networking was a requirement for turning the North African discontent into a rapid spread of revolution in North Africa.

Argument #1: The discontent and economic inequity was the driving force instead

Asongu and Nwachukwu used a catch-up model that analyzed political and economic trends to determine that by 2007, a mass insurrection could have been predicted to occur between 2011 and 2012 (Asong & Nwachukwu, 2016, p. 439). Note that if the source citation was in MLA format, then this In-text citation would be: (Asong and Nwachukwu 439)

Even though Stepanova concluded that social networking was a major contributor to the Arab Spring, it was only a contributor because of the unique sociopolitical factors in that region at that time. "In Egypt, the sociopolitical gap between the small ruling elite and the bulk of the population had long reached critical levels, prompting most experts on the region to expect a major upheaval at some point" (Stepanova, 2011, p. 3). Note that if the source citation was in MLA format, then this In-text citation would be: (Stepanova 3)

Argument #2: Social networking is just a tool the political organizers used because it could communicate a message, just as pamphlets did in the past

Gladwell asserts that even though Arab Spring protesters used facebook, the "weak-tie" social networks lack dedication and structure needed to disrupt governments (Madrigal, 2010, p.30).Note that if the source citation was in MLA format, then this In-text citation would be: (Madrigal 30)

In 1960, sit-ins starting with 4 people at the Woolworth's lunch counter protests spread to 70,000, just as exponentially and as rapidly as the Arab Spring without the use of social media because it had what social change required: strong ties of personal connection to the movement. (Gladwell, 2010, p. 32).Note that if the source citation was in MLA format, then this In-text citation would be: (Gladwell 32)


Sources

Asongu, S., & Nwachukwu, J. (2016). Revolution empirics: predicting the Arab Spring. Empirical Economics, 51(2), 439-482. doi:10.1007/s00181-015-1013-0. Database: Jstor

Gladwell, M. (2010, October 4). Small change. The New Yorker, Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell

Madrigal, A. C. (2010, September 27). Gladwell on social media and activism. The Atlantic, Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2010/09/gladwell-on-social-media-and-activism/63623/

Stepanova, E., (2011). ·The role of information communication technologies in the ·Arab Spring·: Implications beyond the region·, Ponars Eurasia Policy Memo No. 159. http://ponarseurasia.com/sites/default/files/policy-memos-pdf/pepm_159.pdf

Note to students: Please realize that you need to have all the requirements, but you do not need to use the exact words or layout I used. You will even see that this does not match the video exactly, which is fine.

On this page, the very important things are:

• List your arguments against your position.
• Write facts that support those arguments, and every fact needs an in-text citation.
• Every in-text citation needs to have a full, well formatted citation on the same page.
• Every full citation needs at least one in-text citation.
• Every citation on the page needs to be in the same format - either MLA, APA or any other you choose. The in-text citations need to use the same format as the full citation. For MLA, in-text citation format can be found here: and for APA, in-text citation format can be found here.
• If you copy words from your source, use quotation marks.
• Between all the sources on both pro and against pages, you should have at least 5. 1 should be scholarly and 2 from a database.

Some things you don't have to worry about:

• Don't worry about hanging indent formatting on this web page.
• Don't worry about getting all the facts you need, just have some for each of your arguments.
• Don't worry about having the subject completely covered. This is a start to your research only.
• You can change your arguments or position or sources from the last bibliography assignment.
• You don't need links to the sources. I put them, and it is nice, but it is not required.

Here is a link to the video showing the web pages being made AND here is a link to a video showing the pro/con page being filled with research