Testing is essential if you want to have any faith that your programs work.
For each of the examples you wrote down in the Examples step, starting with the simplest,
If you prefer, you can test a method by invoking it with the mouse and typing in the arguments. However, since you've already written down the method call in the Examples step, it's probably easier to just copy and paste that into the CodePad.
This is what I call "manual testing". It's OK if you only have a few test cases, and it's easy to see whether the answer is correct. But as things get more complicated, you'll have more and more test cases, and it makes sense to automate the testing process. We'll see in a few days how to do this.