14 Structures

▼ |  | Inside: Racket C API

1 | Overview
2 | Values and Types
3 | Memory Allocation
4 | Namespaces and Modules
5 | Procedures
6 | Evaluation
7 | Exceptions and Escape Continuations
8 | Threads
9 | Parameterizations
10 | Continuation Marks
11 | String Encodings
12 | Bignums, Rationals, and Complex Numbers
13 | Ports and the Filesystem
14 | Structures
15 | Security Guards
16 | Custodians
17 | Miscellaneous Utilities
18 | Flags and Hooks
| Index

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### 14`` Structures

A new Racket structure type is created with scheme_make_struct_type. This creates the structure type, but does not generate the constructor, etc. procedures. The scheme_make_struct_values function takes a structure type and creates these procedures. The scheme_make_struct_names function generates the standard structure procedures names given the structure type’s name. Instances of a structure type are created with scheme_make_struct_instance and the function scheme_is_struct_instance tests a structure’s type. The scheme_struct_ref and scheme_struct_set functions access or modify a field of a structure.

The structure procedure values and names generated by scheme_make_struct_values and scheme_make_struct_names can be restricted by passing any combination of these flags:

- SCHEME_STRUCT_NO_TYPE – the structure type value/name is not returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_NO_CONSTR – the constructor procedure value/name is not returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_NO_PRED – the predicate procedure value/name is not returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_NO_GET – the selector procedure values/names are not returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_NO_SET – the mutator procedure values/names are not returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_GEN_GET – the field-independent selector procedure value/name is returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_GEN_SET – the field-independent mutator procedure value/name is returned.

- SCHEME_STRUCT_NO_MAKE_PREFIX – the constructor name omits a make- prefix, like struct instead of define-struct.

When all values or names are returned, they are returned as an array with the following order: structure type, constructor, predicate, first selector, first mutator, second selector, etc., field-independent select, field-independent mutator. When particular values/names are omitted, the array is compressed accordingly.

Scheme_Object* |  | scheme_make_struct_type | ( | Scheme_Object* base_name,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* super_type,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* inspector,
|  |  |  | int num_init_fields,
|  |  |  | int num_auto_fields,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* auto_val,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* properties,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* guard)

Creates and returns a new structure type. The base_name argument is used as the name of the new structure type; it must be a symbol. The super_type argument should be NULL or an existing structure type to use as the super-type. The inspector argument should be NULL or an inspector to manage the type. The num_init_fields argument specifies the number of fields for instances of this structure type that have corresponding constructor arguments. (If a super-type is used, this is the number of additional fields, rather than the total number.) The num_auto_fields argument specifies the number of additional fields that have no corresponding constructor arguments, and they are initialized to auto_val. The properties argument is a list of property-value pairs. The guard argument is either NULL or a procedure to use as a constructor guard.

Scheme_Object**
scheme_make_struct_names | ( | Scheme_Object* base_name,
|  | Scheme_Object* field_names,
|  | int flags,
|  | int* count_out)

Creates and returns an array of standard structure value name symbols. The base_name argument is used as the name of the structure type; it should be the same symbol passed to the associated call to scheme_make_struct_type. The field_names argument is a (Racket) list of field name symbols. The flags argument specifies which names should be generated, and if count_out is not NULL, count_out is filled with the number of names returned in the array.

Scheme_Object**
scheme_make_struct_values | ( | Scheme_Object* struct_type,
|  | Scheme_Object** names,
|  | int count,
|  | int flags)

Creates and returns an array of the standard structure value and procedure values for struct_type. The struct_type argument must be a structure type value created by scheme_make_struct_type. The names procedure must be an array of name symbols, generally the array returned by scheme_make_struct_names. The count argument specifies the length of the names array (and therefore the number of expected return values) and the flags argument specifies which values should be generated.

Scheme_Object*
scheme_make_struct_instance | ( | Scheme_Object* struct_type,
|  | int argc,
|  | Scheme_Object** argv)

Creates an instance of the structure type struct_type. The argc and argv arguments provide the field values for the new instance.

int |  | scheme_is_struct_instance | ( | Scheme_Object* struct_type,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* v)

Returns 1 if v is an instance of struct_type or 0 otherwise.

Scheme_Object* |  | scheme_struct_ref | ( | Scheme_Object* s,
|  |  |  | int n)

Returns the nth field (counting from 0) in the structure s.

void |  | scheme_struct_set | ( | Scheme_Object* s,
|  |  |  | int n,
|  |  |  | Scheme_Object* v)

Sets the nth field (counting from 0) in the structure s to v.
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